Land degradation as the land use section earlier in this chapter shows, demands on the land for economic development and pressures from a burgeoning population are leading to unprecedented land use change. Social issues such as low income, poverty and low level of welfare an d education contribute to land degradation. Land degradation can be defined in several ways depending upon the subject that needs to be emphasized. Land degradation food and agriculture organization of the united. Proper discharge and disposal of industrial effluents after treatment. Land degradation at the catchment scale in iran is widespread, usually assumed to be accelerated by th e activities of local inhabitants.
A general definition of land degradation is presented by wasson 1987 as. Desertification has been defined as land degradation in arid, semiarid, and dry subhumid areas resulting from various factors, including climatic variations and human activities11. It is the most important factor for land degradation. Land degradation indicators and management options in the desert environment of abu dhabi, united arab emirates mahmoud ali abdelfattah currently, soil resources dep. Land degradation is a process in which the value of the physical environment is affected by a. How can wildlife management and land use planning adapt to changing conditions, with an aim of achieving sustainability. In many indian cities, open, uncontrolled and poorly managed dumping is commonly practiced, giving rise to serious environmental degradation. Soil salinity is a major issue in southwestern australia and regions near the murraydarling basin including but not limited to new south wales, victoria and south australia. Definition of the terminology used the two important terminologies namely land degradation and stakeholders as used in this study are defined as. But by adopting certain precautionary measures impact can be minimized. Desertification affects as much as onesixth of the worlds population, seventy percent of all drylands, and onequarter of the total land area of the world. Bare soil is easily swept away by wind and water, the. These people use land and other resources while they come from. Proper managementof grazing on permanent pastures,3.
Maintaining vegetative cover to protect soil from wind and water erosion is a key preventive measure against desertification. Nov 27, 2016 land for such expansion should be carefully evaluated before selection. The main request of the resolution is to undertake necessary measures at national and regional levels to understand the extent of soil pollution in their territories and to strengthen policies to prevent, reduce and manage soil pollution. It is a process where in fertile lands become arid through. A study w as conducted to identify the causes of land degrada tion in merek catchment, iran and to propose appropriate measures to. Notes, exercises, videos, tests and things to remember on preventive measure of landslide and flood. What type of measures do you think would be most effective in solving the two categories of environmental problems that. Measures for adaptation to climate change this chapter draws on the conclusions of the previous chapters, considering what might be feasible solutions. National action plan to combat land degradation sprep. Land degradation is defined as the temporary or permanent decline in the productive capacity of the land, and the diminution of the productive potential, including its major land uses e. In this study, land soil surveys were carried out and soil samples analyzed. Other measures to prevent land degradation are deacribed in the basic papero dealing with agriculture and soils item ii a i forestry ii a ii. Saltaffected soils occur naturally, extending along the coastal area and the.
Improve our understanding of the biogeochemical mechanisms underlying sudden and catastrophic shifts, and of the key biotic and abiotic factors influencing these processes. More than 90% of solid waste in cities and towns are directly disposed off on land in an unsatisfactory manner sharholy et al. Scenario analysis of upscaling preventive and restorative measures and policy recommendations at local to international scales coordinator. The following measures to control degradation are1. A temporary or permanent decline in the productive capacity of the land. The proposed mitigation measures for the identified effects for the.
Desertification includes land degradation in arid, semiarid and dry sub humid areas resulting from various factors, including climatic variations and human activities. Construction of a dyke flood embankments parallel to the rivers is preferred for the blockage of the flood. Notes on preventive measure of landslide and flood grade 8. It is land degradation occurring in arid, semiarid and dry subhumid areas of the world. It is not, as is sometimes mistakenly asserted, just a luxury for wealthy countries concerned with aesthetics. A study w as conducted to identify the causes of land degrada tion in merek catchment, iran and to propose appropriate measures to curtail it. Natural disaster preparedness, environmental degradation and sustainable development in kenya collette a. There are various ways of looking at land degradation and its impact on the environment around it. There are wide ranging opportunities in project scoping and mitigation. As soil erodes, it loses nutrients, clogs rivers with dirt, and eventually turns the area into a desert. Better understanding of sudden shifts in drylands that may lead to major losses in biodiversity and ecosystem services. Pdf on jan 1, 2001, md safiuddin and others published global ozone depletion.
It is viewed as any change or disturbance to the land perceived to be deleterious or undesirable. It is in recognition of these measures that the united nations convention on combating desertification and land degradation unccd was established. Measures to avoid, reduce and reverse land degradation are. Pollution prevention environmental impact reduction. Soil degradation due to shrimp farming and preventive. Read this article to learn about the meaning, factors responsible, prevention and control measures of land degradation. What type of measures do you think would be most effective in solving the two categories of environmental problems that you selected in questions 1 and 21. The best ways to prevent environmental degradation.
Land degradation has significant adverse impacts on crop productivity and the environment. They include measures intended to avoid and minimise land degradation, reduce the impacts. Integrated land and water management are key methods of desertification prevention. Preventive and predictive maintenance 700zb00102 42 preventive predictive maintenance the guiding principle of ppm is the regular and systematic application of engineering knowledge and maintenance attention to equipment and facilities to ensure their proper functionality and to reduce their rate of deterioration. Sustainable land use can address human activities such as overgrazing, overexploitation of plants, trampling of soils, and unsustainable irrigation practices that exacerbate dryland vulnerability. Keeping our planet clean for future generations is one of the most important things we can do with our limited time here, so. Soil erosion is the most widely recognised and most common form of land degradation and, therefore, a major cause of falling productivity. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext.
Pdf land degradation can be described as an environmental phenomenon affecting dry lands. Land degradation is the major consequences of direct interference of human activities in the natural phenomenon. It has been shown that dryland populations, building on longterm experience and active innovation, can stay ahead of desertification by improving agricultural and grazing practices in a sustainable way. The severity of damage depends on the affected populations resilience. The change in the characteristic and quality of soil which adversely affect its fertility is called as degradation. All measures that protect soils from erosion, salinization, and other forms of soil degradation effectively prevent desertification. The result is a loss of land productivity with impacts on livelihoods and the.
Prevention of environmental degradation by means of solid waste management ahmad ashfaq 1 and amna khatoon 2. Preventive measure of landslide and flood found mistakes report here. Environmental degradation and measures for its mitigation. Pollution prevention and mitigation measures developed for the proposed kemper county igcc project facilities environmental issue pollution prevention or mitigation measure atmospheric resources and air quality during construction, use of modern, wellmaintained machinery and vehicles meeting ap. The result is a loss of land productivity with impacts on livelihoods and. Land degradation due to soil erosion, particularly gully erosion by water, is the main threat in the amhara region.
Evaluation of land use and management to prevent catostrophic shifts, and preparation of guidelines for natural resource managers coordinator. Your opinions on environmental problems question 23. Land degradation is the humaninduced or via natural means deterioration of soil land quality and. Social issues such as low income, poverty and low level of welfare and education contribute to land degradation. Prevention is better than cure 2012 2 on the other hand, in a lot of places poorly managed footpaths and cattle trafficking lines have been transformed to sever gully areas. Land degradation is a change to land that makes it less useful for human beings. Consider these 10 measures the magic 10 for controlling and preventing land degradation. Further, nepa provides opportunities to implement pollution prevention through. Shamshuddin 1department of forest production, faculty of forestry, 2department of land management, faculty of agriculture. Waste land or barren land is considered as land degradation. The best ways to prevent environmental degradation future. Preventive and predictive maintenance 700zb00102 42 preventivepredictive maintenance the guiding principle of ppm is the regular and systematic application of engineering knowledge and maintenance attention to equipment and facilities to ensure their proper functionality and to reduce their rate of deterioration. Pollution prevention and mitigation measures developed for the proposed kemper county.
Preventing environmental degradation is a journey that we should all take part in. However, since the effects of soil loss vary depending on the underlying soil type, soil loss, by itself, is not an appropriate proxy measure for productivity decline. Desertification, land degradation and drought sustainable. Land degradation and preventive measures from the perspective of the stakeholders 1,4 mosayeb heshmati, 1,3 arifin abdu, 1nik muhamad majid and 2j. Land degradation and loss of productivity result from anthropogenic influences. However watershed management of degraded lands will not make farming a viable business unless the rest of the agricultural v alue chain is also. Soil degradation is, in itself, an indicator of land degradation. Land degradation indicators and management options in the. This is being further aggravated by environmental degradation, population growth. Landslides are major natural disaster which frequently occur in central himalayan region chr and affect life of human as well as animals, damage agriculture and impedes progress. At the national level, however, the government welcomed pollution as evidence of progress and prosperity, and consequently very few of the environmental pollution control measures contained in the factories act 1911 and the mining law 1905 were. Desertification is taking place much faster worldwide than historically and usually arises from the demands of increased populations that settle on the land in order to grow crops and graze animals.
Geospatial techniques are proving to be powerful tools to assess the forest fire risk and degradation assessment. Chapter 6 environmental pollution control measures range of regulations and restrictions. Rajasthan, is an example of the impact of preventive measures in the. Our planet is the most important thing in all of our lives, regardless of who we are. Land degradation and desertification ecologic institute. The sliding down of a piece of land under the force of the gravitational pull of. Environmental degradation and measures for its mitigation 41 attain and sustain economic growth and development. How can wildlife management and land use planning adapt to changing conditions, with. It is a process through which land becomes unfit for cultivation.
The condition of the soil is one of the best indicators of land degradation. Keeping our planet clean for future generations is one of the most important things we can do with our limited time here, so that our continue reading the best ways to prevent environmental degradation. Intensive grazing and deforestation must be controlled. Notes on preventive measure of landslide and flood grade.
Land degradation is a broad term that can be applied differently across a wide range of scenarios. Proposal for selection of control, preventive and rehabilitation measures based on degradation land level and geoindicators in the fortaleza metropolitan region, state of ceara, brazil. Soil degradation due to shrimp farming and preventive measures rungsun imerb and chaiyasit anecksamphant land development department, ministry of agriculture and cooperatives, bangkok, thailand. The best ways to prevent environmental degradation our planet is the most important thing in all of our lives, regardless of who we are. Pdf land degradation control and its global environmental. Measures to resolve environmental problems category examples of specific measures 1. In turn, unsustainable land use is driving land degradation. Land degradation and preventive measures from the perspective. A study was conducted to identify the causes of land degradation in merek catchment, iran and to propose appropriate measures to curtail it. Causes and impacts of land degradation and desertification. Pdf proposal for selection of control, preventive and. The parties of this convention have pledged targets to achieve land degradation neutrality ldn by 2030. In this study, landsoil surveys were carried out and soil samples analyzed. Suda institute of african studies, university of nairobi.
Land for such expansion should be carefully evaluated before selection. Firstly, although land degradation results from complex interactions of natural and human factors, central to all these factors is the role of human action. The soil integrates a variety of important processes involving vegetation growth, overland flow of water, infiltration, land use and land management. Ahmad ashfaq 41287, alhamd, sir syed nagar, aligarh, 202002, u. This study suggests management options for each land degradation type. Integrating land and water management to protect soils from erosion, salinization, and other forms of degradation. The present paper describes the present state of forests, methodology, models and case studies of forest. Land degradation is a process in which the value of the biophysical environment is affected by a combination of humaninduced processes acting upon the land. Land degradation is the humaninduced or via natural means deterioration of soilland quality and.
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